Legislation

Alberta Bill of Rights, RSA 2000, c A-14.

Bill C-634, Canadian Environmental Bill of Rights, 2nd Session, 41st Parliament, 2014.

Canadian Human Rights Act, RSC 1985, c H-6.

Constitution Act, 1982, Schedule B to the Canada Act 1982 (UK), 1982, c 11.

Environmental Bill of Rights, 1993, SO 1993, c 28.

Environmental Rights Act, RSNWT 1988 c 83 (Supp).

Environmental Quality Act, CQLR c Q-2.

Indian Act, RSC 1985, c I-5.

Quebec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms, CQLR c C-12.

Yukon Environment Act, RSY 2002 c 74.

International Legislation

Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, 2008, Registre Oficial 449 [Constitution of Ecuador]. English quotations to the Constitution of Ecuador are taken from the English translation available on the Political Database of the Americas (31 January 2011), online: PDBA < pdba.georgetown.edu/Constitutions/Ecuador/enghsh08.html>.

Constitution of India. 26 January 1950, online: <http://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b5e20.html> 

Law on the Rights of Mother Earth, Law No. 71 of December 2010 (Universal Declaration of Rights of Mother Earth).

New Zealand Parliament. (2017) Hansard Reports, Te Awa Tupua (Whanganui River Claims Settlement) Bill, Government Bill 129-2.

Political Constitution of the State of Bolivia, 2009, Gaceta Oficial, NCPE 10 Bs, art 411.

Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, Principle 10.

South Africa National Environmental Management Act, Act 107 of 1998, s 32.

UN World Charter of Nature, GA Res 37, UN GAOR, 48TH Plen mtg, III (23), UN Doc A/Res/ 37/7 (1982).

Jurisprudence

Blaney et al. v Minister of Agriculture et al., 2004 BCSC 1764 (CanLII).

Canada (Attorney General) v Downtown Eastside Sex Workers United Against Violence Society, [2012] 2 SCR 524, 2012 SCC 45 (CanLII).

Canadian Council of Churches v Canada, 1990 CanLII 8019 (FCA).

Coastal First Nations v British Columbia (Environment), 2016 BCSC 34 (CanLII).

Corbiere v Canada (Minister of Indian and Northern Affairs), [1999] 2 SCR 203, 1999 CanLII 687.

Ernst v Alberta (Energy Resources Conservation Board), 2014 ABCA 285 (CanLII).

Ernst v Alberta Energy Regulator, [2017] 1 SCR 3, 2017 SCC 1 (CanLII).

Ernst v EnCana Corporation, 2013 ABQB 537 (CanLII).

Ernst v EnCana Corporation, 2014 ABQB 672.

Guerin v The Queen, [1984] 2 SCR 335, 1984 CanLII 25 (SCC).

Haida Nation v British Columbia (Minister of Forests), [2004] 3 SCR 511, 2004 SCC 73 (CanLII).

Huu-Ay-Aht First Nation et al. v The Minister of Forests et al., 2005 BCSC 697 (CanLII).

Lovelace v Ontario, [2000] 1 SCR 950, 2000 SCC 37 (CanLII).

Mikisew Cree First Nation v Canada (Minister of Canadian Heritage), [2005] 3 SCR 388, 2005 SCC 69 (CanLII).

Minister of Justice v Borowski, [1981] 2 SCR 575 1981 CanLII 34 (SCC).

Nova Scotia Board of Censors v McNeil, [1976] 2 SCR 265 1975 CanLII 14 (SCC).

R v Big M Drug Mart Ltd., 1983 ABCA 268 (CanLII), affirmed [1985] 1 SCR 295.

R v Kapp, [2008] 2 SCR 483, 2008 SCC 41 (CanLII).

R v Powley, [2003] 2 SCR 207, 2003 SCC 43 (CanLII).

R. v Rahey, [1987] 1 SCR 588, 1987 CanLII 52 (SCC).

R v Sappier; R v Gray, [2006] 2 SCR 686, 2006 SCC 54 (CanLII).

R v Sparrow, [1990] 1 SCR 1075, 1990 CanLII 104 (SCC).

R v Van der Peet, [1996] 2 SCR 507, 1996 CanLII 216 (SCC).

Thorson v Attorney General of Canada, [1975] 1 SCR 138 1974 CanLII 6 (SCC).

West Moberly First Nations v British Columbia (Chief Inspector of Mines), 2011 BCCA 247 (CanLII).

International Jurisprudence

Demanda Por lor Derechos del Mar Bajo el Principio de Jurisdiction Universal, action before the Constitutional Court of Ecuador (26 November 2010).

Hungary v Slovakia, Separate Opinion of Vice-President Weeramantry, [1997] ICJ Rep 88 at 91.

L.K.Koolwal v State of Rajasthan and Others, AIR 1988 Raj.2.

R.F. Wheeler and E.G. Huddle v Attorney General of the State of Loja (March 30, 2011), [2011] Judgment No 11121-2011-0010 (Loja Provincial Court of Justice).

Rural Litigation and Entitlement Kendra v Uttar Pradesh (1985) AIR SC 652.

Sawhoyamaxa Indigenous Community v Paraguay, 146 Inter-Am Ct HR (ser c).

Subhash Kumar v State of Bihar, AIR 1991 SC 420(1991).

Secondary Sources: Periodicals/Articles

Archibald, Catherine Jean, “What Kind of Life? Why the Canadian Charter's Guarantees of Life and Security of the Person Should Include the Right to a Healthy Environment” (2013) 22 Tulane Journal of International & Comparative Law 1.

Barreno, Richard, Sea Shepherd Global “Judge sentences Chinese Ship Crew for Environmental Crimes” (translation) (August 29, 2017).

Collins, Lynda and David Boyd, “Non-Regression and the Charter Right to a Healthy Environment (2016) 29 J Env L & Prac 285.

Boyd, David, “Elements of an Effective Environmental Bill of Rights” (2015) 27 J. Env. L. & Prac. 201.

Colón-Ríosa, Joel, “Constituent Power, the Rights of Nature, and Universal Jurisdiction” (2014) 60 McGill L.J. 127.

Hsiao, Elaine C., “Whanganui River Agreement” (2012) 42 Envtl. Pol’y & L. 371.

Hutchison, A., “The Whanganui River as a Legal Person” (2014) 39 Alternative L.J. 179.

Kaufmann, Craig and Pamela Martin, “Can Rights of Nature Make Development More Sustainable? Why Some Ecuadorian lawsuits Succeed and Others Fail” (2017) 92 World Development 130.

Lee, Darlene, Earth Law Centre, “Mexico on the Vanguard for Rights of Nature” (November 21, 2017).

Morris, James D. K. and Jacinta Ruru, “Giving Voice to Rivers: Legal Personality as a Vehicle for Recognising Indigenous Peoples' Relationships to Water” (2010) 14 AILR 49.

Nanda, Avish, “Heavy Oil Processing in Peace River, Alberta: A Case Study on the Scope of Section 7 of the Charter in the Environmental Realm” (2015) 27 J Env L & Prac 109.

Schram, Gunnar G., “Human Rights and the Environment” (1992-1993) Nordic J. Int’l L. 141.

Stone, Christopher, “Should Trees Have Standing--Toward Legal Rights for Natural Objects” (1972) 45 S. Cal. L. Rev. 450.

Suzuki, David, “Why Canada needs an Environmental Bill of Rights” (April 21, 2017) Canadian Geographic.

Vlavianos, Nickie, “The Applicability of Section 7 of the Charter to Oil and Gas Development in Alberta” (2008) 17(3) Constitutional Forum Constitutionnel 123.

Warnock, Mary “Should Trees Have Standing?” (2012) 3 J. Hum. Rts. & Env't. 56.

Secondary Sources: Books

Boyd, David R. The Rights of Nature, A Legal Revolution That Could Save The World Toronto: ECW Press, 2017.

Hogg, Peter. Constitutional Law of Canada, Student Edition Toronto: Carswell, 2016.

Leib, Linda Hajjar. Human Rights and the environment: philosophical, theoretical, and legal perspectives Brill, 2011.

McKay-Panos, Linda. Human Rights and Resource Development Project: How Human Rights Laws Work in Alberta and Canada Alberta Civil Liberties Research Centre, 2005.

Orend, Brian. Health, Human Rights and Resource Development in Alberta, Human Rights: Concept and Context Peterborough, Ont: Broadview Press, 2002.

Tilleman, William A. and Alastair R. Lucas. Litigating Canada’s Environment: Leading Canadian Environmental Cases By Lawyers Involved Toronto: Thomson Reuters Canada, 2017.

Secondary Sources: Websites

Davison, Isaac, "Whanganui River given legal status of a person under unique Treaty of Waitangi settlement", NZ Herald online (15 March 2017) online < https://www.nzherald.co.nz/nz/news/article.cfm?c_id=1&objectid=11818858>.

Gunton, Thomas and K.S. Calbick for the David Suzuki Foundation, 2010 The Maple Leaf in the OECD online < https://davidsuzuki.org/science-learning-centre-article/maple-leaf-oecd-canadas-environmental-performance/>

Tang, Evelyn and Sarah Burton, “Indigenous Land Stewardship” Alberta Civil Liberties Research Centre online: Alberta Civil Liberties Research Centre < https://rmcla.ca/table-of-contents-ea-and-consultation>.

“What is Rights of Nature?” Global Alliance for the Rights of Nature, online: Global Alliance for the Rights of Nature < http://therightsofnature.org/frequently-asked-questions/>.

Secondary Sources: Government Reports

Canada, Senate Canada, Standing Senate Committee on Human Rights, Enhancing Canada’s Role in the OAS: Canadian Adherence to the American Convention on Human Rights (May 2003) Chapter IV (Honourable Shirley Maheu).

Secondary Sources: International Government Reports

Constitutional Advisory Panel (2013) New Zealand’s Constitution: A Report on a Conversation.

United Nations General Assembly (2012) The Future We Want, UNGA RES. 66/288.